LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP VỀ CÂU MONG ƯỚC CƠ BẢN VÀ NÂNG CAO NGẮN GỌN, DỄ HIỂU NHẤT

S + wish Past Perfect/ Past Perfect Subjunctive)+ SIf only could have + V3S + wish+ S + V(Past simple/ Past subjunctive)If only S + wish+ S + would/ could + V(bare-inf.)If only (MỆNH ĐỀ SAU WISH, IF ONLY )Sau wish ( ước, ước gì, mong ) và if only ( ước gì, giá mà ), người ta thuờng dùng mộtmệnh đề chỉ một điều ao uớc, một điều không thật. Mệnh đề sau wish và if only được xemnhư một mệnh danh từ (noun clause).Có 3 loại mệnh đề sau wish và if only đuợc dùng để chỉ sự ao uớc ở tương lai, hiện tại và quá khứ.1. Ao ước ở tương lai (Future wish)Ex : I wish it would stop raining!I wish I could attend your wedding next week.If only I could take the trip with younext Sunday. If only they would talkto each other. 2. Ao ước ở hiện tại (Present wish)¨ Past subjunctive (Quá khứ giả định): hình thức giống thì Past Simple nhưng với động từ be phải đổi thành were cho tất cả các ngôi (V2 ; be ® were)Ex : I wish I was/ were rich. (But I am poor now.) I can’t swim. I wish I could swim .If only Ben was/ were here. (Bee isn’t here.)We wish that we didn’t have to go to class today. (We have to go to class.)3. Ao ước ở quá khứ (Past wish)¨ Past Perfect Subjunctive (quá khứ hoàn thành giả định): hình thức như PastPerfect (had + V3 ) Ex : I wish I hadn’t failed my exam last year. (I failed my exam.)She wishes she had had enough money to buy the house. (She didn’t have enough money to buy it.)If only I had met her yesterday. (I didn’t meet her.)She wishes could have been there. (She couldn’t be there.)EXERCISESI. Give the correct forms of the verbs in the parentheses.1. She wishes her father (be) here now to help hen2. I wish you (not give) them my phone number yesterday3. I wish they (visit) us when they were in town.4. I wish someone (give) me a job next month.5. If only I (can take) the trip to Hanoi with her next summer.6. We wish we (understand) all the teacher’s explanation yesterday. 7. He missed an exciting football match on TV last night. He wishes he (watch) it.8. If only I (have) more time to do this job. 9.I wish she (come) to see me yesterday. 10. I wish that someday I (be) able to marry her.II. Rewrite the sentences below, using WISH or IF ONLY to express washes.1. My father isn’t here now. I want him to be here now. 2. You talk more than you work. The teacher wants you to work more than to talk. 3. John would like to be an astronaut when he grows up.4. I’m sorry I didn’t help you yesterday.5. I regret that you didn’t give me a chance to tell you the truth.6. Mary is afraid she won’t be able to attend your wedding next week.7. We regret that we didn’t have enough money to buy that house. 8. You drive too fast. I’d like you to drive more slowly.9. You are too lazy. The teacher wants you to be more studious.10. I’m afraid he won’t get over his illness soon.11. I’m not a doctor.12. I haven’t enough money to buy this book. 13. I live in a big city, but I don’t like it.14. Nam is sorry now that he didn’t accept the job.15. Tomorrow is a workday.16. We have to work this Saturday.17. I feel sick because I ate too much ice-cream.18. It’s pity that you were not here last week. 19. I regret speaking to him so impolitely yesterday.20. Alan regretted asking Arthur to lend him 20$.21. I want the baby to stop crying.22. He is sorry now that he didn’t invite Molly to his party.23. The hotel wasn’t good. 24. I didn’t understand the lesson.25. My friend didn’t pass his exam.